PCR TEST Meaning and
Definition
-
The PCR test, or Polymerase Chain Reaction test, is a diagnostic laboratory technique that amplifies and detects specific segments of genetic material, such as DNA or RNA. It is widely used for identifying and analyzing various microorganisms, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi. The PCR test operates on the principle of repetitive enzymatic cycles to amplify the target genetic material, making it easier to identify and quantify the presence of the specific pathogen or genetic sequence being tested for.
To perform a PCR test, a small sample of genetic material is collected from an individual, typically through methods such as swabs, blood, or tissue samples. The collected sample is then subjected to a series of heating and cooling cycles. In each cycle, a specially designed DNA polymerase enzyme catalyzes the replication of the target genetic material, doubling the amount of DNA with each successive cycle. Through this repetitive process, even minuscule amounts of the target genetic material can be greatly amplified, enabling the detection and identification of the pathogen or genetic marker.
PCR testing has gained immense popularity and is extensively used in a variety of applications, including medical diagnostics for infectious diseases like COVID-19, genetic testing for diseases, forensic analysis, and research in genetics and genomics. Its high sensitivity, specificity, and ability to detect tiny quantities of genetic material have made it an invaluable tool in modern molecular biology.
Common Misspellings for PCR TEST
- ocr test
- lcr test
- 0cr test
- pxr test
- pvr test
- pfr test
- pdr test
- pce test
- pcd test
- pcf test
- pct test
- pc5 test
- pc4 test
- pcr rest
- pcr fest
- pcr gest
- pcr yest
- pcr 6est
- pcr 5est
- pcr twst
Etymology of PCR TEST
The acronym PCR stands for "Polymerase Chain Reaction". The term was first introduced by the American scientist Kary Mullis in 1983, who won the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1993 for his invention. The word "polymerase" refers to the enzyme used in the process, which helps replicate DNA fragments, and "chain reaction" signifies the amplification process where the replicated DNA is multiplied exponentially. The PCR test is a technique that utilizes this chain reaction to detect the presence of genetic material, like RNA or DNA, in a sample to identify specific pathogens or genetic variations.
Infographic
Add the infographic to your website:
