LIGASES Meaning and
Definition
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Ligases are a class of enzymes involved in the catalysis of chemical reactions known as ligation. Ligation refers to the process of joining two molecules together by creating a chemical bond, typically involving the formation of a covalent bond. Ligases act as catalysts to facilitate this reaction, enhancing the rate at which it occurs.
In biological systems, ligases play a crucial role in various cellular processes, particularly in DNA replication and repair, as well as in the synthesis of proteins. They are responsible for connecting the separate fragments of DNA during replication or recombination, ensuring the fidelity of genetic information. Ligases also participate in the repair of DNA damage, helping to seal breaks or nicks within the DNA strand.
Furthermore, ligases are involved in protein synthesis and modification. They facilitate the formation of peptide bonds between amino acids, enabling the creation of polypeptide chains during translation. Ligases are also important in post-translational modifications, where they aid in attaching functional groups or molecules, such as phosphate or ubiquitin, to proteins.
Ligases exhibit specificity towards their substrates, meaning they recognize specific molecular structures and facilitate ligation only under specific conditions. This specificity ensures the accuracy and efficiency of the catalytic reaction. Overall, ligases are essential enzymes in various biological processes, contributing to the integrity and functionality of genetic material and proteins.
Common Misspellings for LIGASES
Etymology of LIGASES
The word "ligases" comes from the Latin term "ligare", which means "to bind" or "to tie". In the context of biology and biochemistry, ligases are enzymes that catalyze the joining of two molecules (ligation) by forming a covalent bond between them. The term "ligases" was derived from "ligase", which was coined in the mid-20th century by combining the Latin root "lig-" with the suffix "-ase", denoting an enzyme.
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