Disseminated Lupus Erythematosus (DLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects various parts of the body. It is a subtype of lupus erythematosus, a group of disorders characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking healthy cells, tissues, and organs.
In DLE, the immune system targets different organs and tissues, resulting in a wide range of symptoms and complications. Commonly affected areas include the skin, joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, and brain. The disease can cause inflammation, pain, and damage to these organs.
The symptoms of DLE vary widely among individuals and can range from mild to severe. Skin manifestations are the most common, appearing as a red rash on the face, neck, and other sun-exposed areas, often resembling a butterfly shape. Other symptoms may include joint pain, fatigue, fever, muscle aches, hair loss, mouth sores, and sensitivity to sunlight.
Diagnosis of DLE involves a thorough medical history, physical examination, and various laboratory tests to detect specific antibodies and evaluate organ involvement. Treatment aims to control symptoms and limit organ damage. It typically involves a combination of medications such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, immunosuppressants, and antimalarial drugs.
As a chronic condition, DLE requires ongoing management and monitoring. Patients may benefit from lifestyle modifications to avoid triggers, such as stress and sun exposure. Regular follow-up visits with healthcare professionals, including dermatologists and rheumatologists, are important to assess disease activity, adjust treatment plans, and address any complications that may arise.
