Contagious Pustular Dermatitis, also known as contagious ecthyma or orf, is an infectious viral skin disease that primarily affects sheep and goats, but can occasionally be transmitted to humans. It is caused by the Orf virus, a member of the Parapoxvirus genus. The name “contagious pustular dermatitis” derives from the characteristic symptoms produced by the infection.
The disease is highly contagious and is primarily transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or contaminated materials. It typically enters an animal's body through cuts, abrasions, or mucous membranes. Once infected, the virus starts replicating in the skin cells, leading to the formation of pustules or blisters. These pustules are typically located around the mouth, teats, and feet.
Symptoms of contagious pustular dermatitis include the appearance of small, red papules or nodules on the skin, which progress to vesicles or blisters filled with a clear or cloudy fluid. Over time, these blisters may develop into pustules before eventually scabbing over and healing. Infected animals may also experience swelling, pain, and lameness.
In humans, Contagious Pustular Dermatitis usually causes a localized skin infection when they come into contact with infected animals. Lesions can occur on the hands, fingers, and other areas exposed to the virus. The symptoms resemble those in animals, with the appearance of papules and vesicles followed by pustules. While the infection is usually self-limiting, it may require medical attention in severe cases.
Contagious Pustular Dermatitis is of economic importance in livestock production since it can lead to weight loss, reduced productivity, secondary infections, and in rare cases, fatalities. Control
