Common cotton grass, scientific name Eriophorum angustifolium, is a flowering plant that belongs to the Cyperaceae family. It is a herbaceous perennial plant native to temperate regions and is commonly found in boggy or wetland habitats, including marshes, fens, and peatlands.
The term "common cotton grass" refers to the plant's appearance, as the mature seed heads possess fine white hairs that resemble cotton. These fluffy seed heads are quite distinctive and can often be seen floating above the grass-like leaves. Each seed head contains numerous seeds that are dispersed by wind to propagate the plant.
The plant typically grows to a height of 30-60 cm. It features long, narrow leaves that are triangular in cross-section, providing it with adaptability to survive in waterlogged conditions. The leaves form tight clumps at the base of the plant, contributing to its compact growth habit.
Common cotton grass is known for its ecological value as it helps maintain and preserve wetland ecosystems. Its extensive root system aids in soil stabilization and erosion prevention. Additionally, the plant provides shelter and nesting sites for various bird species while serving as a food source for grazing animals.
In some regions, common cotton grass has cultural significance and is traditionally used for weaving, stuffing pillows, or as insulation material. However, due to its conservation value and vulnerability to habitat degradation, it is protected in many areas to ensure its survival and maintain the diversity of wetland ecosystems.
