Blood cell counts refer to the quantitative measurement of the different types of cells present in a person's blood. It involves determining the absolute or relative numbers of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets in a given volume of blood. This diagnostic test is an essential tool used by healthcare professionals to assess a person's overall health and to diagnose various medical conditions.
Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, are responsible for carrying oxygen throughout the body. A blood cell count provides information on the concentration of red blood cells in the blood, aiding in the diagnosis of anemia (low RBC count) or polycythemia (high RBC count).
White blood cells, or leukocytes, play a crucial role in the immune system's defense against infections and diseases. A blood cell count can determine the number and types of white blood cells present, enabling the identification of infections, inflammations, or immune system disorders.
Platelets, or thrombocytes, are involved in blood clotting and preventing excessive bleeding. Blood cell counts help evaluate platelet levels, allowing the identification of various bleeding disorders or bone marrow disorders affecting platelet production.
Blood cell counts are typically measured using automated instruments that provide accurate and precise results. These results are generally reported as the number of cells per microliter (µL) of blood. Abnormal blood cell counts can indicate underlying health conditions, and further diagnostic tests may be required for a precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
